Its Time for a More Responsible Approach to Animal...

The debate about using animals for medical testing has been ongoing for years. The struggle is usually between extreme animal rights activists and scientists. The animal rights activists believe animals should never be used for research, and the scientists believe any use of animals is acceptable. Listed below are factual historical accounts of animal use, statistics, and arguments against the use of animals. In ancient Greece animals were used for the study of life science. To learn about body functions scientists would cut into a live animal to observe vital parts in action. â€Å"Animals have been used for centuries to help researchers understand the various organs of the body, and their functions as well as to hone their surgical†¦show more content†¦The most common arguments against animal use testing question the morality, necessity and scientific validity of these studies. In other words, do we have the right to perform such tests, need such tests, and whether these tests provide us with any useful information? The moral aspects of the animal use testing argument involve the view of animals as sentient beings. It is argued, we have a responsibility toward animals and a moral obligation to not cause them pain or distress (jhsph). Singer argues ...experimenters often seek to justify experimenting on animals by claiming the experiments lead us to discoveries about humans; if this is so, the experimenter must agree human and non-human animals are similar in crucial respects (p. 65). Singer challenges his opponents to the hypothetical question would [they] be prepared to perform their experiments on orphaned humans with severe and irreversible brain damage if this were the only way to save thousands? (p. 67) Singer Another argument is necessity, which is closely linked to validity. Do we really need to use millions of animals each year to further our own interests? Are these animals actually being used in a way which provides the greatest benefit from each animal, and thereby reducing the overall amount of pain, suffering, and use of these animals? Are the results we gain from these tests applicable to humans and thereforeShow MoreRelated A More Responsible Approach to Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation1506 Words   |  7 PagesIt’s Time for a More Responsible Approach to Animal Research, Testing, and Experimentation The debate about using animals for medical testing has been raging for years. The struggle always seems to be between extremist animal rights activists who believe that animals should never be used for research, and scientists who believe that any use of animals is acceptable. There are a growing number who argue that there must be a reasonable middle ground. I contend that there must be a significantRead MoreThe Importance Of Animals For Animal Testing1754 Words   |  8 PagesAnimal research, also known as in vivo testing, is the use of animals for experiments. Experimentation on animals dates back to as early as 500 BC, making this form of medical education and research one of the most fundamental known to humans. Almost 400 years ago, a doctor named William Harvey used animals to discover how blood circulated in the body. This discovery is considered the spark of the scientific revolution in which many lives were saved all thanks to the help of animal testing. The modernRea d More The Science and the Laws Impacting Human Cloning Essay5866 Words   |  24 Pagesfrom an adult cell in Scotland in 1997, have caused the world to acknowledge that human cloning is indeed possible. Governments around the world immediately attempted to address the issue of human cloning, with varying levels of success. At the same time the pace of cloning technology continued to accelerate. This paper will first examine the development of the technology that makes human cloning possible and the scientific uncertainties surrounding it. While this paper does not intendRead MoreJean Piaget Cognitive Development10144 Words   |  41 Pagesinfluence research and theory in child development, and with some minor exceptions, his theories have stood the crucial test of time as well as any major theorist in psychology. Yet Piaget was not a psychologist by formal training. His two doctorates were in natural science (emphasizing biology; his early interests were in studying mollusks) and philosophy (emphasizing logic). But Piaget had many interests, including epistemology and the philosophy of science, both of which influenced his research. InRead MoreGmos Essay4472 Words   |  18 Pageslook at GMO’s that this kind of technology should not be look at in a business sense because if it is then the risks will not be accessed do to no incentive to do so. It is hard to say what view point that should be looked at. From ones prospective it’s called looking at the facts and forming your own opinion. For instance: Artificial insemination, there are options now where you can choose the sex of your baby. Yes, this is technically possible due to some of the latest advances in technology. TheRead MoreGreat Minds: The Essential Guide for Teachers7827 Words   |  32 PagesPRACTICE A TES Essential Guide Educational philosophies are complex and wide-ranging. In this TES Essential Guide, James Williams, a lecturer in education at the University of Sussex, makes sense of it all. Theory and practice 4 What it’s all about. Bloom’s taxonomy of learning 8 Bloom’s theory links the knowledge we have to how to we think, explains how attitude affects motivation and how our ability to do practical things changes the way we learn. Behaviourist approachesRead MoreLas 432 - Genetically Modified Foods Essay14589 Words   |  59 Pagesby Kelly Baker 43 I. Intrinsically Wrong and Extrinsically Wrong II. Perfecting on God’s Creations Conclusion by Kelly Baker and Brenda Brown 47 Bibliography 49 It has been determined that GMO’s are made up of plants, animals, viruses and bacteria that are created in laboratories. Scientist started experimenting with GMO’s in the early 1950’s with investigation of plants DNA. In the 1970’s scientist developed the first genetically engineered organism. By the early 1990’sRead MoreEssay on Autism Spectrum Disorders4121 Words   |  17 PagesAutism is a disorder enshrouded in enigma. This perplexing thing we call autism has left many developmental experts scratching their heads time and again as to what the specific causes may be. Dead ends and an endless multitude of potential factors seem to be the most common results researchers stumble upon as it relates to the origins of autism. Although it is postulated that autism has a somewhat strong genetic basis involving but not limited to rare and complex gene mutations, it is still aRead MorePortfolio for Organizational Behavior17518 Words   |  71 Page sto emphasize the concepts taught in the lecture sessions and relating it to the today’s business world. The research and study conducted during the work helped us understand the concepts through Concrete Experiences of different organisations in the articles. In future it will help us throughout our career to perform well in the workplace. Moreover it provided us with the cognitive approach of thoughts that will help us to understand the problems or challenges faced by an organisation and how to respondRead MorePtlls Level 311404 Words   |  46 Pagesterms of the teaching/training cycle. I intend to continue to be a trainer in management and in the security sector. The role, responsibilities and boundaries of a trainer are ever changing and adapting to changes in the society. It is more than simply lecturing and marking students works. Learners come from different backgrounds and with different problems, hopes and expectations which have to be understood and addressed before effective learning can take place. As such in addition to

Humanities-Ancient Greece Free Essays

Ancient Greece and Roman civilization comparison The first Olympic games were held in Olympia, Greece. These games were part of the â€Å"Panhellenic Festival, instituted in 776 B. C. We will write a custom essay sample on Humanities-Ancient Greece or any similar topic only for you Order Now E in honor of the Greek gods†. The Olympic games occur in an every â€Å"four-year periods beginning with the first games in 776 B. C. E. † The Greeks had many sports such as, â€Å"200-yard sprint, footrace, wrestling, long jump, and boxing. † Greek athletes competed nude. However, women were not allowed to compete in the Olympic games. The Greeks believed that a â€Å"true sport was that which gave athletes an opportunity to rival the divinity of the gods. In contrast to Greece, the Romans had a â€Å"variety of brutal blood sports. † Gladiator fights were â€Å"introduced in Rome in 264 B. C. E. † These games would symbolize the power of the emperors. In Rome, these events were held in the Coliseum. Gladiators fought wild animals. â€Å"Most Gladiators were criminals, prisoners of war, or slaves. † They were trained in schools and were forced to take part in the events. The Olympic games and Gladiator fights are different because in Greec e it was mostly sport festivals, while in Rome it was representation to honor the emperors. Greek architecture monuments were designed to serve the living. One of the many type of Greek architectural structures is the Parthenon. It is a temple dedicated to Athena, the goddess of war. Built in glittering Pentelic marble. The Parthenon represents the â€Å"apex of a long history of post-and-lintel temple building among the Greeks. † The functions of the Parthenon, was to â€Å"display statues of the gods, for the rulers to go and sacrifice and worship in as a recognition of the protection provided by the gods. In contrast, Roman architecture reflected the practical needs of the empire. The Romans are considered one of the greatest architects of ancient times. Also the Romans made good use of the â€Å"aqueducts, arches, vaults and domes. † For example, the Pantheon is â€Å"a temple dedicated to the seven planetary deities. † Its exterior is covered with a â€Å"veneer of white marble and bronze. † The Pantheon has many features such as, â€Å"a portico with eight Corinthian columns originally elevated by a flight of stairs that now lie buried beneath the city street. Greek and Roman architecture are similar because Roman architecture was based on the knowledge of the Greeks. Although there’s a difference because Greeks used single row columns for actual structural support, while the Romans were progressing technologically and using rows of concrete columns for luxury purposes. The arts in Greek were based on Humanism, Realism, and Idealism. The Greeks used the abstract geometric methods in their paintings. For example, Greek artists painted their â€Å"ceramic wares with angular figures and complex geometric patterns arranged to enhance the shape of the vessel. Greeks painted mythology, literature, and everyday life in â€Å"waters jars, wine jugs, storage vessels, drinking cups and bowls. † In contrast, the Roman art was based in Pictorial Realism paintings. The Romans decorated their â€Å"meeting halls, baths, and country villas that were inspired by Greek murals. † Roman art was illustrated in mosaics. This is a technique by which â€Å"small pieces of stone or glass are embedded into wet cement surfaces or plaster surfaces. † Also Romans illustrated landscapes to show affection to their pleasure of nature. It’s clear that Greek art and Roman art are different because both civilizations used different techniques for their art and showed different interested in what they were trying to portray in their paintings. Roman art was based in Realism while Greek art was more Idealistic. Greek literature was based in the Classical Style in Poetry. This is a combination of the â€Å"arts prevailed in most forms of religious ritual and in public and private entertainment. † For example, Hellenic literature was filled with passion and tenderness written in lyric poetry. In contrast, Roman literature reveals a masterful use of Latin literature. Romans use literature for the purposes of â€Å"entertainment, instruction, and record keeping. † A Roman notable style of literature is the Roman Epic Poetry style. For example, â€Å"Rome’s foremost poet-publicist, Virgil wrote the semi legendary epic that immortalized Rome’s destiny as world ruler. † Virgil’s poems were not an oral tradition but a literacy epic. His work became the â€Å"monumental impact of Latin language. † Greek literature and Roman Literature are similar because they both include comedies, poetry and epics. Also Greek literature dealt with myths while Roman Literature was based on triumphs. How to cite Humanities-Ancient Greece, Essay examples

Organizational Behavior Motivation Levels by Company

Question: Describe about the Organizational Behavior for Motivation Levels by Company. Answer: Week 6 - Motivation Best workplaces are working environments where workers enjoy working because of motivation levels offered by a company. In Europe, some of the best workplaces are Davidson, turfs, accent jobs, 3, Topaz Energy Limited, Diamantes Masoutis S.A. Supermarket just to mention but a few (high PLACE TO WORK. 2016). As far as workers are concerned, motivation is a behavior used to please or entice them to gain morale and multiply the commitment at work (GREAT PLACE TO WORK. 2016). Workers are also motivated through a good communication plan. This program enables employees to be aware that they are being appreciated. Making an employee to be part of the team is also a better way of motivating workers (Drum, Standifer, and Bourne, 2015). There are many ways used by companies in the United Stated and Europe at large to motivate employees. As a primary mechanism, most firms reward its employees based on their outstanding performances (Garaus, Furtmller, and Gttel, 2016). As a result, employees feel on top of the world and enhance their commitment (Bennett and Pierce, 2016). The second motivational method is signing realistic workload. The workload assigned to each worker should not only be realistic but also balanced to express equality and uniformity within the firm. This strategy enhances teamwork by eliminating hatred among workers thus, creating a real relationship between them. Whenever the business obtains an excellent performance record, it is enjoyed by everyone within the organization irrespective of the level or position occupied by the firm. In so doing, employees are showed how they fitted and took part in strategy that realized the success. Besides the above means, companies also meet their promises to dem onstrate to them how to further their feelings and expectations are valued. Week 7 Activity (Group Behavior and Team at Work) Despite having the requirements for a team to work efficiently, some groups still do not perform as purposed. Elements of the successful team according to Professor Hackman are well-established groundwork, and small and consistency membership. The team should also be reject-based with much consideration placed on the stages of group development. Also, the support should be placed strategically (Stephen et al. 2014). Motivational tools such as group-based awards can also take the group to the next level hence, having then used on the team is equally important (Stephen et al. 2014). Lastly, the firms duty should be defined clearly. These elements are no doubt, necessary for effective team development. Besides the stated conditions, other factors required for groups to be active are real leadership and commitment. With the right leadership standards, all the necessities for a firm can be acquired (Thomson et al., 2015). Besides, all team activities are directed towards the intended direction to realize the stated objectives. On the other hand, the commitment of workers will ensure that all the regular duties are tackled in the most appropriate manner. Having been asked to assemble and lead a team, I can consider the following steps in the early life of the group to ensure that avoids the problems noted by Hackman; establishment of a groundwork followed by choosing few but highly committed members (Messersmith, 2015). After forming the group, storming, norming and performing would follow in that order. In storming, the selected members are given a chance to generate ideas on ways in which the team can become useful. Norming entail establishing a good relationship between team members while concentrating on the sharing of information that can benefit the team. Lastly, performance stated norms and guidelines are followed towards the realization of specified goals. Week 8 Activity (Leadership) There are many theories of leadership, including trait and theory leadership. Though addressing the same issue, these two approaches differ in one way of another. To begin with, trait theory of leadership deals with the characteristics of all type of leaders, including fruitful and unsuccessful ones. According to this theory, successful leaders are judged based on abilities, interests, and personality traits such as academic and skills acquisition. However, these traits are not determinant of a right or bad leader. Naturally, this is pleasing as it highlights features relevant for an effective leader (Zigarelli, 2013). Therefore, it can be imperative for an organization. The theory can be used as a ladder by a firm to identify leadership elements during a leading process. Most important, the theory is valid (Zigarelli, 2013). Its foundation and basis can be easily validated as proved by most research. On the other hand, behavioral theories of leadership are grouped depending on specific behaviors shown by various leaders. Initially, this theory states that the ability of a leader should be weighed based on his or her behavior (Fein et al., 2015). Therefore, behavior determines the successfulness of a leader. Apparently, it this approach gives a reasonable marketing potential because actions can vary depending on conditions (Hogg, M, and Adelman, J. 2013). To illustrate further, someone can give an accurate response depending on a given stimuli. Unlike the trait theory, behavioral theories are invalid. Besides being based on incentives, other behaviors are also correlated. Based on the above leadership principles, organizations can select and develop effective leaders based on characteristics. The enterprise may conduct a survey by subjecting distinct employees to various leadership positions and judged according to the way they behave in their respective offices. For example, when one is friendly to people, he can respond effectively to clients. Besides, his adaptation ability to the various situation is also high hence, a good leader. References Bennett, V. and Pierce, L. 2016. Motivation matters: Corporate scope and competition in complementary product markets. Strategic Management Journal, 37, 7, pp. 1304-1315. Drum, D, Standifer, R, and Bourne, K. 2015. Facing the Consequences: Examining a Workaround Outcomes-Based Model. Journal of Information Systems, 29, 2, pp. 137-159. Fein, E, Tziner, A, Vasiliu, C, and Felea, M. 2015. Considering the gap between Implicit Leadership Theories and expectations of actual leader behavior: A three-study investigation of leadership beliefs in Romania', Journal For East European Management Studies, 20, 1, pp. 68-87. Garaus, C, Furtmller, G, and Gttel, W. 2016. The hidden power of small rewards: The effects of insufficient external rewards on autonomous motivation to learn. Academy of management learning education, 15, 1, pp. 45-59. GREAT PLACE TO WORK. 2016. Great insight on great workplace. Get the latest insights into workplace culture, trends and performance. Retrieved from www.greatplacetowork.co.uk. Hogg, M, and Adelman, J. 2013. Uncertainty-Identity Theory: Extreme groups, radical behavior, and authoritarian leadership. Journal of Social Issues, 69, 3, pp. 436-454. Messersmith A. S. 2015. Preparing Students for 21st Century Teamwork: Effective collaboration in the online group communication course. Communication Teacher, 29, 4, pp. 219-226. Stephen P. R, Boyle, M, Judge, T. and Millett, B. 2014. Case study: Why don't teams work like they're supposed to? Organizational behavior. P. 263. Thomson, K, Outram, S, Gilligan, C, and Levett-Jones, T. 2015. Interprofessional experiences of recent healthcare graduates: A social psychology perspective on the barriers to effective communication, teamwork, and patient-centred care', Journal of Interprofessional Care, 29, 6, pp. 634-640. Zigarelli, M. 2013. Ten Leadership Theories in Five Minutes. Available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XKUPDUDOBVo.